細(xì)菌基因型命名中英文對(duì)照說(shuō)明
發(fā)布時(shí)間：
2022-12-27
作者：
細(xì)菌基因型的命名規(guī)則
不同的基因座,如果其中任一個(gè)基因座發(fā)生變異都可以產(chǎn)生相同的表型改變,應(yīng)該在三字母小寫(xiě)斜體的基因型符號(hào)后面緊跟著一個(gè)大寫(xiě)的斜體字母以示區(qū)分.(Differentloci,anyoneofwhichmaymutatetoproducethesamegrossphenotypicchange,aredistinguishedfromeachotherbyaddinganitalicizedcapitalletterimmediatelyfollowingihethree-letterlower-casesymbol.)例如：arabinose→araA、araB、araD.
對(duì)于每一個(gè)突變位點(diǎn),應(yīng)該在基因座符號(hào)后面添加一串唯一的數(shù)字來(lái)表示(比如araB1、araA2、araC3、araA4、araC5、araB6等).如果不知道突變具體在調(diào)控相關(guān)功能的多個(gè)基因座中哪一個(gè)發(fā)生,應(yīng)該使用連字符“-”來(lái)替代表示基因座的那個(gè)大寫(xiě)字母(比如trp-31).(Amutationsiteshouldbedesignatedbyplacingaserialisolationnumberafterthelocussymbol.Ifitisnotknowninwhichofseverallocigoverningrelatedfunctionsthemutationhasoccurred,ahyphenisusedinsteadofthecapitalletter.)
一種指定的野生型菌株的每一個(gè)基因座都由一個(gè)三字母、小寫(xiě)、斜體的符號(hào)代表.(Eachlocusofagivenwild-typestrainisdesignatedbyathree-letter,lower-case,italicizedsymbol.)例如：編碼阿拉伯糖代謝相關(guān)酶的基因型arabinose用三字母縮寫(xiě)ara表示.
質(zhì)粒和附加體應(yīng)該使用能與基因座明確區(qū)分的符號(hào)表示(Plasmidsandepisomesshouldbedesignatedbysymbolswhichareclearlydistinguishablefromsymbolsusedforgeneticloci.)
質(zhì)粒和附加體上的突變基因座和突變位點(diǎn)應(yīng)該與染色體上的基因座和位點(diǎn)使用相同類型的符號(hào)表示(Mutantlociandmutationalsitesonplasmidsandepisomesshouldbedesignatedbysymbolsofthesamekindasthoseusedforlociandsitesonthechromosome)
在描述攜帶有一個(gè)附加體的菌株時(shí),應(yīng)該包含一個(gè)關(guān)于該附加體的狀態(tài)和/或位置的說(shuō)明.符號(hào)F-,F+,F'以及Hfr應(yīng)該作為一個(gè)特例,只可被用于描述指定性因子的狀態(tài),而不能用于表述有關(guān)交配行為表型特征的信息.(Thedescriptionofastraincarryinganepisomeshouldincludeastatementconcerningthestateand/orlocationoftheepisome.ThesymbolsF-,F+,F’,andHfrshouldbeusedonlytodesignatethesexfactorstatesasoutlinedabove,andnottoconveyinformationconcerningthephenotypicpropertiesofmatingactivity.)
對(duì)于已經(jīng)發(fā)表的以及一些遵循上述推薦的命名系統(tǒng)的基因型符號(hào)應(yīng)該保持不變.而對(duì)于不符合上述命名系統(tǒng)規(guī)則的基因符號(hào)應(yīng)該進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的修正,并且在新的符號(hào)首次發(fā)布時(shí)應(yīng)該將所做的改動(dòng)進(jìn)行標(biāo)注(Genotypesymbolswhichhavealreadybeenpublishedandwhichconformtothesystemrecommendedaboveshouldnotbechanged.Genotypesymbolswhichdonotconformtotheabovesystemshouldbechangedaccordingly,andthechangeshouldbenotedwhenthenewsymbolisfirstpublished)
表型特征應(yīng)該用單詞進(jìn)行描述,或者也可以在文章中首次出現(xiàn)時(shí)定義一個(gè)縮寫(xiě),其后用縮寫(xiě)進(jìn)行表示.縮寫(xiě)應(yīng)該與基因型的符號(hào)有明確區(qū)分.(Phenotypictraitsshouldbedescribedinwords,orbytheuseofabbreviationswhicharedefinedthefirsttimetheyappearinagivenpaper.Theabbreviationsshouldbeclearlydistinguishablefromgenotypesymbols.)
菌株應(yīng)該指定為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的串號(hào).為了避免重復(fù),不同的實(shí)驗(yàn)室應(yīng)該使用不同的字母前綴.菌株名稱應(yīng)該用斜體表示.(Strainsshouldbedesignatedbysimpleserialnumbers.Toavoidduplications,differentlaboratoriesshouldusedifferentletterprefixes.Straindesignationsshouldnotbeitalicized.)
如果菌株的命名已經(jīng)被發(fā)表,并且符合第9條建議的規(guī)則,那么這個(gè)命名應(yīng)該保持不變.命名規(guī)則不符合第9條建議的菌株,應(yīng)該進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的改動(dòng),并且在新命名首次發(fā)表時(shí)將改動(dòng)予以標(biāo)注.(StraindesignationswhichhavealreadybeenpublishedandwhichconformtoRecommendation9shouldnotbechanged.StraindesignationswhichdonotconformtoRecommendation9shouldbechangedaccordingly,andthechangeshouldbenotedwhenthenewdesignationisfirstpublished.)
當(dāng)一個(gè)菌株首次出現(xiàn)在一篇文章中時(shí),應(yīng)該對(duì)其基因型進(jìn)行描述,并且提供相關(guān)的基因型信息.基因型包括所有突變基因座和/或突變位點(diǎn)的列表,附加體和/或質(zhì)粒的列表,以及每個(gè)附加體的狀態(tài)和定位的有關(guān)信息.(Whenastrainisfirstmentionedinpublicationitsgenotypeshouldbedescribed,andrelevantphenotypicinformationshouldbegiven.Thegenotypeincludesalistofallmutantlociand/ormutationsites,alistofepisomesand/orplasmids,andinformationconcerningthestateandlocationofanyepisome.)