醫(yī)學(xué)微生物學(xué)實(shí)驗：微生物的培養(yǎng)和細(xì)菌代謝反應(yīng)
發(fā)布時間：
2022-12-27
作者：
培養(yǎng)基的種類：培養(yǎng)基的要求合適的營養(yǎng)、pH、無菌、澄清（細(xì)菌生長的要求）基礎(chǔ)培養(yǎng)基，營養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)基 (血平板)，選擇培養(yǎng)基 (SS培養(yǎng)基)，鑒別培養(yǎng)基 (雙糖鐵培養(yǎng)基)，厭氧培養(yǎng)基 (皰肉培養(yǎng)基)。
細(xì)菌的生長現(xiàn)象：液體培養(yǎng)基，0.3% 牛肉膏1% 蛋白胨0.5% NaCl，生長現(xiàn)象均勻混濁沉淀生長表面生長(菌膜)，主要用途是增菌；固體培養(yǎng)基，液體培養(yǎng)基＋1-2% 瓊脂，生長現(xiàn)象菌落(colony)菌苔(mossy) 分離培養(yǎng)純培養(yǎng)，主要用途是增菌；半固體培養(yǎng)基，液體培養(yǎng)基＋0.5% 瓊脂，生長現(xiàn)象沿穿刺線生長穿刺線模糊，主要用途是觀察動力保存菌種。
細(xì)菌接種方法：
平板分區(qū)劃線分離法，接種混合菌液；斜面、液體、半固體，接種大腸桿菌。
細(xì)菌生長現(xiàn)象觀察：液體培養(yǎng)基，枯草桿菌、葡萄球菌、乙型鏈球菌；平板，混合細(xì)菌；斜面，觀察菌苔；半固體，觀察細(xì)菌的動力。4細(xì)菌代謝產(chǎn)物及生化反應(yīng)：大腸埃希菌、傷寒沙門菌、甲型副傷寒沙門菌：乳糖、葡萄糖培養(yǎng)基，醋酸鉛培養(yǎng)基（H2S），蛋白胨（吲哚試驗），金黃色葡萄球菌、銅綠假單胞菌，觀察色素。
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The type of culture medium: the medium required suitable nutrition, pH, asepsis, clarification (bacterial growth requirements) basic culture medium, nutrient medium (blood plate), selection medium (SS medium), differential medium (double sugar iron medium), anaerobic medium (blister medium).
The growth phenomenon of bacteria: liquid culture medium, 0.3% beef paste 1% peptone 0.5% NaCl, growth phenomenon of homogeneous cloudy and precipitated growth surface growth (membrane), the main use is to increase bacteria; solid medium, liquid medium + 1-2% agar, growth phenomenon colony (colony) fungus (mossy) isolation and culture pure culture, the main use is to increase bacteria Semisolid medium, liquid medium + 0.5% agar, growth phenomenon along the puncture line growth of puncture line blurred, the main purpose is to observe the power preservation of bacteria.
Methods of inoculation of bacteria:
Plate zoning separation method, inoculation of mixed bacteria; inclined, liquid, semisolid, inoculated E.coli.
Observation of the growth of bacteria metabolites and biochemical reaction bacteria: liquid medium, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, tablets, mixed bacteria, inclined surface, observation of fungi; semisolid, observation of the dynamics of bacteria.
4 bacteria metabolites and biochemical reactions: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A: lactose, glucose medium, lead acetate medium (H2S), peptone (indole test), Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to observe pigments.